Raisbeck Aviation Invitational - WA — Remote Sensing

Remote sensing is best defined as the science of acquiring information about Earth’s surface without physical contact, accomplished by:

Which platform is most often used to record detailed information about the surface which is compared with data collected from aircraft or satellite sensors?

Which type of orbit allows a satellite to view the same area of Earth’s surface continuously because it matches the speed of the Earth’s rotation?

What type of sensor measures signals that it transmits itself and that are then reflected, refracted, or scattered by the Earth’s surface or atmosphere?

Which of the following instruments are classified as Active Sensors?

Which of the following statements about Passive Sensors are true?

The relationship between the speed of light (c), wavelength (λ), and frequency (ν) in electromagnetic radiation is described by which equation?

Which portions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum are generally not used for practical remote sensing because they are either absorbed by the atmosphere or cause significant scattering?

What is the range of values for an 8-bit sensor, which determines its radiometric resolution?

The apparent contradiction between observations of liquid water early in Earth's history and the astrophysical expectation that the Sun's output would have been much less intense is known as the:

A healthy amount of vegetation is characterized by which combination of MODIS channel responses for calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)?

What does the NIR term represent in the calculation for NDVI, as described in the notes?

The process where radiation "bounces" off a target and is redirected, with its intensity depending on surface refractive index and angles, is known as:

Which type of reflection occurs from a rough surface, where energy is reflected almost uniformly in all directions?

Which type of scattering occurs when particles (like dust, pollen, smoke, water vapor) are the same size as the wavelength and affect longer wavelengths, occurring in the lower atmosphere?

Which scattering phenomenon is dominant in the upper atmosphere, affects shorter wavelengths much more, and is responsible for giving us the blue sky?

Which scattering type occurs when particles (like water droplets, large dust particles) are larger than the wavelength, causing all wavelengths to be scattered equally and making fog and clouds appear white?

Which of the following are instruments on a satellite that will soon cease operation, likely in 2026 as it has run out of fuel?

Fill-in-the-blank: OCO-2 instrument is a ____ sensor based on ____ mechanism.

The Aqua satellite, a multi-national mission, focuses its study on the chemistry and dynamics of the water cycle, particularly the:

The difference between the insolation (sunlight) absorbed by Earth and the energy radiated back to space, which can be positive (warming) or negative (cooling), is known as:

What are the primary advantages of Active Sensors?

Which of the following instruments is described as a Passive Sensor that measures a specific intensity of Electromagnetic radiation in specific bands in the spectrum?

What type of reflection occurs from a smooth surface, directing almost all energy away in a single direction?

Which gases cause absorption of energy at various wavelengths in the atmosphere?

The bending of a wave when it enters a medium where its speed is different is known as:

What principle is defined as: "The peak wavelength is inversely proportional to its temperature in Kelvin"?

What is the altitude range for a sun-synchronous orbit?

In an elliptical orbit, the point at which a satellite comes closest to Earth is called the:

The area imaged on the surface by a satellite, which slowly shifts westward with each consecutive pass, is referred to as the:

The ratio of distance on a map to the actual ground distance is called:

The smallest unit of an image, normally square, which represents a certain area on the image, is known as a:

What is the term for the area on the ground viewed by the sensor's Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV), which determines the sensor’s maximum spatial resolution?

Select all the valid resolutions in remote sensing imagery.

Which type of resolution is determined by the number of sensor bits, and determines the level of detail discernible in energy variation?

The phenomenon where objects at the edge of a photo appear to lean away from the center (nadir) due to sensor perspective is called:

Which of the following is the least certain part of the global carbon budget based on existing remote sensing data?

Which of the following are listed as instruments carried on the Aqua satellite?

If a planet has twice the temperature of another, the Stefan-Boltzmann Law states that the planet with higher temperature has how many times the energy emitted at the surface?

Which type of low-altitude cloud is described as causing a net cooling effect because its large cloud albedo forcing shields the surface, and its cloud greenhouse forcing is small?

What type of scanning system uses a rotating mirror to scan Earth in a series of lines perpendicular to the platform's motion?

What are the two main types of radiative forcing in the context of climate change?

Which of the following instruments or satellites is NOT designed to measure sea-level rise?

Which law describes the relationship that the peak wavelength emitted by an object is inversely proportional to its temperature in Kelvin?

PACE instruments can achieve spatial resolutions in the native mode at nadir of ____ ****