Identify P4, its chemical formula (type none if there is not one), and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify P5, its chemical formula (type none if there is not one), and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify P6, its chemical formula (type none if there is not one), and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify P7, its chemical formula (type none if there is not one), and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify P8, its chemical formula (type none if there is not one), and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify P9, its chemical formula (type none if there is not one), and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify MX1 and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify MX2 and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Identify MX3 and the suspect(s) that it implicates.

Name the chemical found in pH paper that allows it to change color in different pH solutions.

Which of the following solids are classified as polysaccharides? Select all that apply.

Briefly describe the structural difference between the crystals of salt and sugar.

True or False: Dissolving larger amounts of vitamin C in H₂O will increase the OH⁻ concentration of the solution. Sodium bicarbonate will do the opposite.

True or False: Ca²⁺ reacts with HCl.

True or False: Starch can be used to preserve an iodine print.

Most sulfates are soluble in water. Which compound in Crime Busters is an exception to this rule?

Determine the oxidation state of each element in the following chemical reaction between sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric acid.

NaHCO₃ (s) + HCl (aq) → H₂O + NaCl (aq) + CO₂ (g)

Which of the following is another name for the reaction in question 20? Select all that apply.

The monomers of sucrose, the type of sugar used in Crime Busters, as shown below, are fructose and sucrose. What do the numbers 1 to 6 on each monomer represent?

Continuing from the previous question, the following shows the structure of sucrose. Notice that the hydroxyl groups on the left end of fructose and the right end of fructose are replaced by a single glycosidic bond. Using your knowledge of disaccharide formation, determine the reason for this change.

Two major components of cornstarch are amylose and amylopectin. Based on their structures, explain why amylose turns iodine blue-black while amylopectin does not.

Explain why spilling acid on your skin can be dangerous. Determine what type of clothing could be used to prevent this type of accident from occurring in the lab.

Explain how the synthesis of NaCl molecules demonstrates the octet rule.

How does dissolving larger amounts of NaC₂H₃O₂ in water affect the conductivity of the solution? Explain why.

Describe the behavior of water molecules during the dissociation of NaCl on a molecular level.

When yeast is combined with sugar, it can act as a leavening agent, which is helpful in baking. Usually, hot water is added as part of this reaction. State the name of this process, an example of a food that it is used in, and explain the purpose of adding hot water.

There is another solid used in Crime Busters that can be used for the same purpose. Name the identity of this solid and explain how it can carry out the same role as yeast.

Which of the following liquids is classified as weak acids? Select all that apply.

True or False: Isopropanol is miscible with salt solutions.

True or False: Hydrogen peroxide is often used to remove blood stains because it reacts with catalase in the blood which triggers an oxidizing reaction.

The buffering properties of citrates are used to control pH in household cleaners and pharmaceuticals. How does a buffer resist change in pH?

You have a basic solution with known volume and concentration. You would like to determine the concentration of another acidic solution. What method would you use to do this? Describe the method.

You are given four compounds: CCl₄, CS₂, CHCl₃, and C₂H₅OH. Which will dissolve in water? Explain [2].

Explain why the production of acetic acid in bacteria can involve both aerobic and anaerobic processes.

List 2 common uses of tin.

Who first isolated Magnesium, and briefly describe the process by which it was discovered?

What is the melting point of copper?

Which metal is brittle at room temperature and has a blue-silvery appearance when oxidation conditions are removed?

Which element from the rules manual is used in car seats, luggage, laptops, cameras, and power tools?

Which metal is the only metal from the rules manual that is magnetic?

Which metal from the rules manual has a delayed reaction with HCl and smells of rotten eggs during the reaction?

What type of cuticle is found on cat hair?

The region of the body where hair originated generally cannot be determined.

How would the shape of an average Asian person's hair follicle compare to that of an average African person?

How does bleach treatment strip hair of its color? Why is the hair weakened in the process?

Continuing from the previous question, which two Crime Busters liquids are most commonly used to bleach?

At the crime scene, a handful of hair was found on the ground and appeared to be forcibly ripped out of someone's scalp, presumably in a fight. At what stage of hair growth is the hair most likely to be in? Explain.

Which of the following proteins is wool composed of?

Acrylic, polyester, nylon, and spandex are all made from:

What characteristics of cotton make it a great source of fiber for clothing?

Probative value is the ability of evidence to prove something that is relevant to the crime. Common fibers thus have low probative value. Which of the following fabrics would have the highest probative value in an investigation?

Which Crime Busters fiber is not made from polymerization?

Silk dissolves in HCl.

Linen comes from the flax plant.

What monomer is cellulose composed of? Why is cellulose so resistant to damage from chemicals?

Describe the structural property that makes linen a dense, strong fiber resistant to rot and light damage.

In terms of its structure and composition, why is spandex so stretchy?

What does the 6,6 refer to in nylon 6,6?

Address how cotton mercerization produces the two visual changes below. What is the purpose of mercerization?

Why should you avoid wearing clothes made of synthetic fiber in the laboratory?

True or False: A functional group from each monomer is necessary for condensation polymerization to occur.

True or False: Every plastic in the rules list polymerizes by addition.

Which of the following plastics has ethylene as its monomer unit? Select all that apply.

Which of the following plastics contain a benzene ring in their structure?

What is the chemical formula of the monomer unit of PMMA?

What color flame does PVC have during a burn test?

What property of PVC makes it useful in construction?

The following shows a common symbol used to represent a benzene ring. Identify what A and B represent.

Briefly explain why the molecular weight of condensation polymers is not a multiple of its monomer's molecular weight while addition polymers are the opposite.

There are three steps of addition polymerization: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the first step, initiation, a free-radical initiator is used to initiate the reaction by donating an unpaired electron to the carbon on the end of an ethylene molecule. The last step, termination, uses a second free radical to stop the reaction. Explain how.

What is the mobile phase and the stationary phase in paper chromatography?

What does R f stand for, and why is it important when doing paper chromatography?

What is the formula for the R_f value?

What is two-way chromatography and what makes it useful?

What type of mixtures is TLC most useful for?

What are the building blocks of a nucleotide?

In gel-electrophoresis procedures, what is the intrinsic benefit of staining the samples with ethidium bromide?

What electrode does DNA move towards in gel electrophoresis? Why is this?

Using your knowledge from the previous question, speculate why proteins are typically treated with Sodium Dodecyl-sulfate prior to gel electrophoresis.

Besides RNA containing uracil, what is a major structural difference between DNA and RNA?

Write the complementary RNA sequence to the following DNA sequence: 5' GTCGCATGACAGATGCCG 3'

What are the 4 main blood types?

A mother walks into a clinic with her husband and wants your counseling regarding her future child's blood type. She has type A blood, and the father has type AB blood. What is the probability that their future child has type B blood? Please type how you came to your answer.

Why do ferric compounds in soil appear red?

Adding iron increases the bulk density of soil. In the context of weather, why is this beneficial?

Although the bulk density of soil is important, it is also important to keep the soil at a reasonable permeability. Explain why.

Identify the soil horizon layer that most organic matter is found in.

Based on its composition, explain why peat is acidic.

Identify the full name of the largest fingerprint database in the world.

Which suspect(s) committed this crime?

For each suspect, determine the source for each piece of incriminating evidence using bullets. DO NOT include any evidence found in Section C or D in this question.

Explain why each suspect is guilty or not using potential motives for committing this crime, relevant information acquired from the suspects and the crime scene, important details about incriminating evidence, and specific pieces of evidence from Section C and D. DO NOT reference any specific pieces of evidence from Section A or B.